Typhus

Also called Scrub typhus, Rickettsial infection, or Epidemic typhus

Typhus is a group of infections caused by rickettsia bacteria, spread by fleas, lice, mites and ticks. It is rare in Europe but found in parts of Asia, Africa and South America. People can get it while travelling, especially in rural areas or crowded conditions. It is not the same as typhoid fever.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

It is treated with antibiotics, usually doxycycline, and most people get better quickly with treatment.

Insect repellent, covering skin and checking for ticks help prevent it.

Common signs

  • A high temperature
  • Severe headache
  • Aching muscles
  • A rash
  • A dark scab where you were bitten
  • Confusion in severe cases

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Questions about travel and bites
  • Blood tests

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Blood test results
  • Travel clinic or infectious disease letters
  • Prescriptions

Questions to ask your doctor

  • How long should I take antibiotics?
  • Do I need follow-up tests?
  • How can I prevent it on future trips?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Confusion, severe breathlessness, or a high temperature that does not improve after returning from travel: call 112

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

Sources