Learning disabilities

Also called Intellectual disability

A learning disability affects the way a person learns new things, understands information and communicates. It is lifelong and can be mild, moderate, severe or profound. It can be caused by genes, problems during pregnancy or birth, or illness in early childhood, and is different from a specific learning difficulty such as dyslexia.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

People with a learning disability can find it harder to get the healthcare they need, so reasonable adjustments, health checks and a health passport can help.

Support at school, at home and from health and social care services helps people live as independently as possible.

Common signs

  • Difficulty learning new skills
  • Needing more time to understand information
  • Difficulty with everyday tasks
  • Delays in speech, walking or other milestones

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Developmental and psychological assessments
  • Genetic tests, sometimes

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Assessment reports
  • Annual health check results
  • A health passport or communication profile
  • Support and care plans

Questions to ask your doctor

  • What support is available locally?
  • What reasonable adjustments can be made for appointments?
  • Do we need any genetic tests?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • A change in behaviour, pain or seeming unwell in someone who cannot easily explain how they feel: get medical help promptly

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

Sources