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Gangrene

Gangrene is when part of the body's tissue dies because it is not getting enough blood, often because of an infection or blocked blood vessels. It usually affects the toes, feet, fingers or hands, but can affect internal organs. People with diabetes, peripheral arterial disease or who smoke are at higher risk.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

Gangrene can spread and lead to sepsis, which can be life-threatening.

Treatment includes antibiotics, surgery to remove dead tissue, and restoring blood flow. Sometimes amputation is needed.

Common signs

  • Skin changing colour to red, blue, black or bronze
  • Swelling and blisters
  • Severe pain followed by numbness
  • Foul-smelling discharge
  • Cold skin

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Examination
  • Blood tests
  • Scans to check blood flow
  • Tissue or fluid samples

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Vascular or surgical letters
  • Scan reports
  • Wound care notes
  • Discharge letters

Questions to ask your doctor

  • What caused the gangrene?
  • Can blood flow be improved?
  • How can I protect my feet in future?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Skin turning dark with fever, fast breathing, confusion or feeling very unwell: call 112

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

Sources

Related conditions

Type 2 diabetesThe body stops using insulin well, so blood sugar stays too high. It develops slowly and is followed with regular blood tests.Peripheral arterial disease (PAD)Narrowed arteries reduce blood flow to the legs, often causing pain when walking. Lifestyle changes and medicines help.SepsisA life-threatening reaction to an infection, where the body starts to damage its own organs. It is an emergency that needs treatment fast.FrostbiteDamage to skin and tissue caused by freezing, most often on fingers, toes, nose and ears. It needs medical help.