Urinary incontinence

Also called Bladder leakage, Stress incontinence, or Urge incontinence

Urinary incontinence is the unintentional passing of urine. Stress incontinence is leaking when the bladder is under pressure, such as when coughing, sneezing or laughing. Urge incontinence is leaking with a sudden, strong need to pee. It is common after pregnancy, after the menopause, with an enlarged prostate and with some nerve conditions.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

Pelvic floor exercises, bladder training, cutting down on caffeine and losing weight often help. Medicines and surgery are options if these do not.

Many people feel embarrassed, but it is a common problem and a doctor can help.

Common signs

  • Leaking urine when coughing, sneezing, laughing or exercising
  • A sudden urge to pee and leaking before reaching the toilet
  • Needing to pee often, including at night
  • Dribbling after peeing

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Questions about symptoms
  • A bladder diary
  • Urine test
  • Examination
  • Sometimes bladder tests (urodynamics)

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Bladder diaries
  • Urine test results
  • Urodynamic test reports
  • Urology or gynaecology letters
  • Physiotherapy notes

Questions to ask your doctor

  • What type of incontinence do I have?
  • Would pelvic floor physiotherapy help?
  • What other treatments are available?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Sudden loss of bladder or bowel control with back pain or numbness around the bottom: call 112

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

Sources