Pelvic organ prolapse

Also called Prolapse, Womb prolapse, or Vaginal prolapse

Pelvic organ prolapse is when one or more organs in the pelvis, such as the bladder, womb, bowel or top of the vagina, slip down and bulge into the vagina. It happens when the muscles and tissues that support them become weak. Pregnancy and childbirth, menopause, ageing, obesity and long-term coughing or straining raise the risk.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

It is not life threatening but can cause discomfort and problems with peeing, pooing or sex.

Pelvic floor exercises, weight loss and a vaginal pessary can help. Surgery may be offered if symptoms are troublesome.

Common signs

  • A feeling of heaviness or dragging in the vagina
  • A bulge or lump in or coming out of the vagina
  • Discomfort during sex
  • Problems peeing or a feeling the bladder is not empty
  • Difficulty emptying the bowels

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Questions about symptoms and a vaginal examination
  • Sometimes bladder tests or a scan

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Gynaecology or urogynaecology letters
  • Physiotherapy plans
  • Pessary fitting and change records
  • Surgery notes

Questions to ask your doctor

  • How severe is the prolapse?
  • Would a pessary suit me?
  • When would surgery be worth considering?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Being unable to pee, or a prolapse that cannot be pushed back and is painful: get urgent help the same day

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

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