What it is
It is very treatable, and most men are cured, even if it has spread.
Treatment usually starts with surgery to remove the affected testicle, sometimes followed by chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Sperm banking may be offered before treatment.
Common signs
- A painless lump or swelling in a testicle
- A change in the shape or feel of a testicle
- A heavy feeling in the scrotum
- A dull ache in the testicle or lower tummy
How it is usually diagnosed
- Examination
- Ultrasound scan of the testicles
- Blood tests for tumour markers (AFP, HCG, LDH)
- CT scan
Records worth keeping
Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:
- Ultrasound and CT reports
- Tumour marker results over time
- Pathology reports
- Oncology letters
- Follow-up schedule
Questions to ask your doctor
- What type and stage is it?
- Will I need treatment after surgery?
- How will this affect fertility?
When to get help right away
Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:
- Sudden, severe pain in a testicle: call 112, as this may be a twisted testicle
This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.