Sleep apnoea

Also called Obstructive sleep apnoea, OSA, or Sleep apnea

Sleep apnoea is when your breathing stops and starts while you sleep, because the walls of the throat relax and narrow. It often causes loud snoring, gasping and daytime sleepiness. It is more common in people who are overweight, men, older people, and people who smoke or drink alcohol. It raises the risk of high blood pressure, heart disease and accidents.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

Losing weight, stopping smoking, cutting down on alcohol and sleeping on your side can help.

Many people use a CPAP machine, which gently pumps air into a mask while you sleep. Mouth devices or surgery are options for some.

Common signs

  • Breathing stopping and starting during sleep
  • Loud snoring
  • Gasping or choking in sleep
  • Feeling very sleepy during the day
  • Waking often
  • Headaches in the morning

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Questions about sleep and sleepiness
  • A sleep study at home or in a clinic

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Sleep study reports
  • CPAP usage reports
  • Sleep clinic or respiratory letters

Questions to ask your doctor

  • How severe is my sleep apnoea?
  • Do I need a CPAP machine?
  • Do I need to tell anyone about it for driving?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Falling asleep while driving or at dangerous moments, or chest pain: stop driving and get urgent help, call 112 if needed

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

Sources