Shin splints

Also called Medial tibial stress syndrome

Shin splints is pain in the front or inside of the lower leg, along the shin bone. It is usually caused by repeated stress from exercise, such as running on hard surfaces, sudden increases in training or poor footwear. It is common in runners, dancers and military recruits.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

It usually gets better within a few weeks with rest from high-impact activity, ice and painkillers. Low-impact exercise, such as swimming, can continue.

Building up exercise gradually, good shoes and insoles can help prevent it coming back.

Common signs

  • Pain along the shin bone
  • Pain during and after exercise
  • Tenderness when the shin is touched
  • Mild swelling

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Questions about activity and an examination
  • Sometimes an X-ray or MRI to rule out a stress fracture

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • GP or physiotherapy notes
  • X-ray or MRI reports
  • Training and rehabilitation plans

Questions to ask your doctor

  • How long should I rest from running?
  • Could this be a stress fracture?
  • What changes would help prevent it?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Severe pain, swelling and tightness in the lower leg that gets worse, especially after injury: get urgent help, call 112

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

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