Scarlet fever

Also called Scarlatina

Scarlet fever is an infection caused by group A strep bacteria. It mostly affects children but can affect adults. It usually starts with flu-like symptoms, followed by a rash that feels like sandpaper. It spreads easily through coughs, sneezes and contact with infected surfaces.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

It is treated with antibiotics, which help recovery and lower the risk of complications and spreading it.

Children can usually go back to school or nursery 24 hours after starting antibiotics.

Common signs

  • A high temperature
  • A sore throat and headache
  • Swollen glands in the neck
  • A rash that feels like sandpaper, often starting on the chest and tummy
  • A red "strawberry" tongue
  • Flushed cheeks

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Questions about symptoms and an examination
  • Sometimes a throat swab

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • GP notes
  • Throat swab results
  • Prescriptions

Questions to ask your doctor

  • How long should my child take antibiotics?
  • When can they go back to school?
  • Which signs of complications should I look out for?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • A child who is struggling to breathe, very drowsy, or has a rash that does not fade with a glass: call 112

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

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