Repetitive strain injury (RSI)

Also called RSI or Work-related upper limb disorder

Repetitive strain injury (RSI) is pain felt in muscles, nerves and tendons caused by repetitive movement and overuse. It mostly affects the upper body, such as the forearms, elbows, wrists, hands, neck and shoulders. It is often linked to work tasks, such as typing or using tools, or to sports and hobbies.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

Stopping or changing the activity causing it, regular breaks and better posture or equipment at work help most people.

Painkillers, cold packs, supports and physiotherapy can help. Steroid injections or surgery may be offered for specific problems.

Common signs

  • Pain, aching or tenderness
  • Stiffness
  • Throbbing
  • Tingling or numbness
  • Weakness
  • Cramp

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Questions about your activities and symptoms
  • Examination
  • Sometimes tests to check for specific conditions

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • GP or occupational health notes
  • Physiotherapy plans
  • Workplace assessment reports

Questions to ask your doctor

  • Which activities should I avoid or change?
  • Would physiotherapy help?
  • Can I get a workplace assessment?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Sudden weakness or loss of feeling in the hand or arm: get urgent help the same day

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

Sources