Phobias

Also called Phobia, Specific phobia, or Social anxiety

A phobia is an overwhelming and unreasonable fear of something, such as heights, spiders, needles, flying or social situations. People with a phobia often go to great lengths to avoid the thing they fear. Even thinking about it can cause anxiety or panic. Phobias are a type of anxiety disorder.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

Simple phobias often start in childhood. More complex phobias, such as social anxiety or agoraphobia, can have a bigger effect on daily life.

Talking therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and gradual exposure work well. Medicines may help with anxiety in some cases.

Common signs

  • Intense fear when facing the trigger
  • Avoiding the thing you fear
  • Dizziness, sweating or a racing heartbeat
  • Feeling sick or shaky
  • Panic attacks

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Talking with a GP about symptoms
  • Assessment by a mental health professional

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • GP notes
  • Therapy plans and progress notes
  • Medicine lists

Questions to ask your doctor

  • Which therapy would suit my phobia?
  • How long does treatment usually take?
  • Can I refer myself?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Thoughts of harming yourself: get urgent help, call 112 if in danger

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

Sources