Peripheral neuropathy

Also called Nerve damage or Neuropathy

Peripheral neuropathy develops when nerves in the body's extremities, such as the hands, feet and arms, are damaged. Diabetes is the most common cause. Others include low vitamin B12, drinking too much alcohol, some medicines such as chemotherapy, and some infections.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

Treating the cause, such as controlling blood sugar, can stop it getting worse. Some nerve damage is permanent.

Medicines for nerve pain, foot care and physiotherapy can help.

Common signs

  • Numbness and tingling in the feet or hands
  • Burning, stabbing or shooting pain
  • Loss of balance
  • Muscle weakness
  • Not noticing injuries to the feet

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Questions about symptoms and an examination
  • Blood tests for causes such as diabetes and low B12
  • Nerve conduction studies

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Blood test results
  • Nerve conduction study reports
  • Neurology letters
  • Foot check records

Questions to ask your doctor

  • What is causing the nerve damage?
  • How can I protect my feet?
  • What can help with the pain?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Weakness spreading quickly up the legs or arms, or breathing problems: call 112

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

Sources