Pericarditis

Also called Inflammation of the sac around the heart

Pericarditis is when the fluid-filled sac around the heart (the pericardium) becomes inflamed. It is often caused by a viral infection, but it can also follow a heart attack or heart surgery, or be linked to other conditions. The main symptom is sharp chest pain that often feels better when you sit up and lean forward.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

Most people get better within 1 to 3 weeks with rest and anti-inflammatory medicines. Some people have it come back.

Rarely, fluid builds up around the heart and needs to be drained, or the sac becomes stiff over time.

Common signs

  • Sharp, stabbing chest pain
  • Pain worse when lying down or breathing in
  • Pain easing when sitting forward
  • High temperature
  • Feeling weak or breathless

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Listening to the heart
  • ECG
  • Echocardiogram
  • Blood tests and a chest X-ray

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • ECG results
  • Echocardiogram reports
  • Blood test results
  • Cardiology letters

Questions to ask your doctor

  • What caused it?
  • How long should I rest from exercise?
  • What signs mean it is coming back?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Chest pain that could be a heart attack, or severe breathlessness or fainting: call 112

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

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