Perforated eardrum

Also called Burst eardrum, Ruptured eardrum, or Tympanic membrane perforation

A perforated eardrum is a hole or tear in the thin layer of tissue between the outer and middle ear. It is often caused by an ear infection, an injury such as poking something in the ear, a loud noise, or a sudden change in pressure such as when flying or diving.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

Most heal by themselves within about 2 months. Keeping the ear dry while it heals helps.

Antibiotics may be needed if there is an infection. If the hole does not heal, a small operation can repair it.

Common signs

  • Sudden hearing loss
  • Earache that may ease suddenly
  • Fluid or pus coming from the ear
  • Ringing or buzzing in the ear
  • An itchy ear

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Looking in the ear with an otoscope
  • Sometimes hearing tests

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • GP or ENT notes
  • Hearing test results
  • Prescriptions
  • Surgery notes if repaired

Questions to ask your doctor

  • How long should it take to heal?
  • Can I swim or fly?
  • When should my ear be checked again?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Severe dizziness, weakness of the face, or a high temperature with ear pain: get urgent help the same day

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

Sources