Pemphigus vulgaris

Also called Pemphigus

Pemphigus vulgaris is a rare condition where the immune system attacks the skin and mucous membranes, causing painful blisters that burst easily and leave sore areas. It usually starts in the mouth and can spread to the skin, nose, throat and genitals. It mostly affects adults aged 40 to 60.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

It is long-term, but treatment can bring it under control and some people stop treatment eventually.

Treatment usually includes steroids and other medicines that calm the immune system. Blood tests and checks for side effects are part of care.

Common signs

  • Painful blisters and sores in the mouth
  • Blisters on the skin that burst easily
  • Raw, sore areas that are slow to heal
  • Pain when eating or swallowing
  • A hoarse voice

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Examination by a dermatologist
  • A skin biopsy
  • Blood tests for antibodies

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Biopsy reports
  • Antibody blood test results
  • Dermatology letters
  • Medicine lists and dose changes

Questions to ask your doctor

  • How long will I need treatment?
  • What side effects should I watch for?
  • How can I care for my mouth and skin?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Widespread blisters, signs of infection such as fever, or being unable to eat or drink: get urgent help, call 112

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

Sources