Pelvic inflammatory disease

Also called PID

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infection of the female upper genital tract, including the womb, fallopian tubes and ovaries. It is often caused by a sexually transmitted infection such as chlamydia or gonorrhoea, but other bacteria can also cause it. It mostly affects sexually active women aged 15 to 24.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

It is treated with antibiotics, and recent sexual partners also need testing and treatment.

Without early treatment, PID can lead to long-term pelvic pain, ectopic pregnancy and difficulty getting pregnant.

Common signs

  • Pain in the lower tummy or pelvis
  • Pain during sex
  • Pain when peeing
  • Bleeding between periods or after sex
  • Unusual vaginal discharge
  • High temperature

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Pelvic examination
  • Swabs for infections
  • Sometimes an ultrasound scan or laparoscopy

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Swab results
  • Sexual health clinic notes
  • Ultrasound reports
  • Prescriptions

Questions to ask your doctor

  • Which infection caused this?
  • Does my partner need treatment?
  • Could this affect my fertility?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Severe tummy pain, high fever, or being sick: get urgent help, call 112

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

Sources