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Mastoiditis

Mastoiditis is an infection of the mastoid bone, the bone just behind the ear. It usually happens after a middle ear infection that has not been treated or has not got better. It is most common in children and is rare. It needs urgent treatment, usually in hospital.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

It is treated with antibiotics, often given through a drip. Some people need surgery to drain the infection.

Without treatment, it can lead to serious complications such as hearing loss, meningitis or a brain abscess.

Common signs

  • Redness, tenderness and swelling behind the ear
  • The ear sticking out
  • Discharge from the ear
  • High temperature
  • Earache and headache

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Examination of the ear
  • Blood tests
  • CT or MRI scan

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Scan reports
  • Hospital discharge letters
  • Hearing test results after treatment

Questions to ask your doctor

  • Will my child's hearing be affected?
  • Do we need follow-up appointments?
  • How can we prevent ear infections?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Swelling behind the ear with the ear sticking out, a high fever, a stiff neck or confusion: get urgent medical help

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

Sources

Related conditions

Ear infectionsInfections of the middle or outer ear that cause earache. They are very common in children and usually get better on their own.MeningitisAn infection of the membranes around the brain and spinal cord. It can be very serious and needs urgent treatment.