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Listeriosis

Also called Listeria infection

Listeriosis is a rare infection caused by Listeria bacteria, usually from eating contaminated food such as unpasteurised milk, soft cheeses, pâté, smoked fish and ready-to-eat chilled foods. It is usually mild, but it can be serious for pregnant women, newborn babies, older people and people with weak immune systems.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

In pregnancy, it can cause miscarriage, stillbirth or serious illness in the baby, even if the mother feels only mildly unwell.

Serious cases are treated with antibiotics. Avoiding high-risk foods in pregnancy helps prevent it.

Common signs

  • High temperature
  • Aches and pains
  • Chills
  • Feeling or being sick
  • Diarrhoea

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Blood tests
  • Lumbar puncture if meningitis is suspected

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Blood test results
  • Hospital discharge letters
  • Pregnancy notes

Questions to ask your doctor

  • Which foods should I avoid in pregnancy?
  • Does my baby need tests?
  • Do I need antibiotics?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Fever while pregnant, or a stiff neck, confusion or seizures: get urgent medical help

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

Sources

Related conditions

Food poisoningIllness from eating contaminated food, causing vomiting and diarrhoea. It is rarely serious and usually gets better within a week.MeningitisAn infection of the membranes around the brain and spinal cord. It can be very serious and needs urgent treatment.MiscarriageThe loss of a pregnancy during the first 23 weeks. It is common, usually not caused by anything the person did, and support is available.