Hyperglycaemia

Also called High blood sugar

Hyperglycaemia means the level of sugar (glucose) in the blood is too high. It mainly affects people with diabetes and can be caused by illness, stress, eating more carbohydrates than usual, missing medicine or doses that need adjusting. Short spells are common, but long-term high blood sugar can damage the eyes, nerves, kidneys and blood vessels.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

Very high blood sugar can lead to serious emergencies such as diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state.

Checking blood sugar, following a sick day plan, drinking water and adjusting medicine with your care team help bring levels down.

Common signs

  • Feeling very thirsty
  • Peeing a lot
  • Tiredness
  • Blurred vision
  • Losing weight
  • Repeated infections such as thrush

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Finger-prick or continuous glucose readings
  • HbA1c blood test
  • Ketone tests

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Blood sugar logs or CGM reports
  • HbA1c results over time
  • A sick day plan
  • Diabetes clinic letters

Questions to ask your doctor

  • What should I do when my sugar is high?
  • When should I check for ketones?
  • Does my treatment need changing?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • High blood sugar with vomiting, tummy pain, fast breathing, fruity-smelling breath, confusion or high ketones: call 112

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

Sources