Human papillomavirus (HPV)

Also called HPV

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the name for a very common group of viruses. Most sexually active people get HPV at some point. It is spread through close skin-to-skin contact, usually during sex. Most infections cause no symptoms and are cleared by the body within 2 years.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

Some types cause genital warts. Other high-risk types can cause changes to cells that may, over many years, lead to cancers such as cervical, anal, throat and penile cancer.

The HPV vaccine protects against the most harmful types. Cervical screening checks for high-risk HPV.

Common signs

  • Usually no symptoms
  • Genital warts with some types

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Cervical screening tests for high-risk HPV
  • Examination of warts

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Cervical screening results
  • Colposcopy reports
  • HPV vaccination dates

Questions to ask your doctor

  • What does my HPV result mean?
  • When is my next screening test?
  • Should I have the HPV vaccine?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Bleeding after sex, between periods or after the menopause: get it checked soon

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

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