Gallstones

Also called Cholelithiasis, Biliary colic, or Cholecystitis

Gallstones are small stones, usually made of cholesterol, that form in the gallbladder. They are very common and often cause no symptoms. If a stone blocks the opening of the gallbladder or a bile duct, it can cause sudden, intense pain in the tummy (biliary colic), inflammation or infection.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

They are more common in women, people over 40 and people who are overweight.

Gallstones without symptoms usually need no treatment. If they cause problems, keyhole surgery to remove the gallbladder is common, and you can live normally without it.

Common signs

  • Sudden, intense pain in the upper right or middle of the tummy
  • Pain that can spread to the back or right shoulder
  • Feeling or being sick
  • High temperature or jaundice if infected or blocked

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Ultrasound scan
  • Blood tests, including liver function
  • MRI (MRCP), sometimes

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Ultrasound reports
  • Liver function test results
  • Surgeon letters and operation notes
  • Discharge letters

Questions to ask your doctor

  • Do my gallstones need treatment?
  • Should my gallbladder be removed?
  • What should I eat while I wait?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Severe tummy pain with high temperature, yellow skin or eyes, or pain that does not ease: get urgent medical help

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

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