Bronchiolitis

Also called RSV infection

Bronchiolitis is a common chest infection in babies and children under 2, usually caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). It starts like a cold and then causes a cough and sometimes fast or noisy breathing. Most children get better within 2 to 3 weeks without needing treatment.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

Babies under 3 months, those born prematurely and those with heart or lung conditions are more likely to become seriously ill.

There is no medicine that cures it. Care at home focuses on fluids, rest and watching breathing. Some babies need hospital care for oxygen or help with feeding. RSV vaccines and protective injections are now offered to some pregnant women and babies.

Common signs

  • A runny nose and mild fever at first
  • A persistent dry cough
  • Fast or noisy breathing (wheezing)
  • Feeding less than usual

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Diagnosed from the symptoms and examination
  • Oxygen levels measured with a finger or toe sensor
  • A nose swab in hospital sometimes

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Hospital discharge summaries, including oxygen needs
  • Notes on feeding and nappies during the illness
  • Vaccination and immunisation records

Questions to ask your doctor

  • How can I tell if my baby is getting worse?
  • How much should they be feeding?
  • Is my baby eligible for RSV protection?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Pauses in breathing, blue lips or tongue, or struggling to breathe with the tummy sucking in under the ribs: call 112
  • Not feeding or no wet nappy in 12 hours

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

Sources