What it is
Risk rises with age and is higher with a family history, inherited gene changes such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, alcohol, being overweight after menopause, and some hormone treatments.
Treatment depends on the type and stage and may include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy and targeted medicines. The results of receptor tests (ER, PR, HER2) guide which medicines are used.
Common signs
- A new lump or thickening in the breast or armpit
- A change in the size or shape of a breast
- Dimpling or puckering of the skin
- A nipple that turns inwards, or a rash or discharge from it
- A change in the colour or look of the skin
How it is usually diagnosed
- Breast examination
- Mammogram and ultrasound
- Biopsy with receptor testing
- Scans to check for spread if needed
Records worth keeping
Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:
- Screening mammogram results and dates
- Biopsy and pathology reports, including ER, PR and HER2 results
- Operation notes and treatment plans
- Genetic test results
- The schedule for follow-up mammograms
Questions to ask your doctor
- What type and stage is it, and what do the receptor results mean for treatment?
- What are my surgery options?
- Should I or my relatives have genetic testing?
When to get help right away
Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:
- Fever or feeling very unwell during chemotherapy: contact the cancer team's emergency line or call 112
This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.