Bartholin's cyst

Also called Bartholin gland cyst or Bartholin's abscess

A Bartholin's cyst forms when one of the small glands on either side of the vaginal opening gets blocked and fills with fluid. Small cysts are often painless and may go away on their own. If the cyst becomes infected, it can turn into a painful abscess.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

Warm baths several times a day can help a cyst drain. An abscess may need antibiotics or a small procedure to drain it.

Cysts can come back. In people over 40, a new lump is sometimes checked with a biopsy to rule out other causes.

Common signs

  • A soft, painless lump on one side of the vaginal opening
  • Pain, redness and swelling if infected
  • Pain when walking, sitting or during sex
  • Fever with an abscess

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Examination by a GP or gynaecologist
  • A swab if there is infection
  • A biopsy in some cases

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Swab and biopsy results
  • Notes of any drainage procedure and how many times it has come back

Questions to ask your doctor

  • Does it need treatment or can we wait?
  • What can I do if it comes back?
  • Is a biopsy needed?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • A rapidly growing, very painful lump with high fever

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

Sources