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Whiplash

Also called Neck sprain or Whiplash injury

Whiplash is an injury to the neck caused by the head being suddenly thrown forwards, backwards or sideways, most often in a road accident, a fall or contact sports. It strains the muscles and ligaments of the neck. Symptoms often start some hours after the injury and usually improve within 2 to 3 months.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

Keeping your neck moving, using painkillers and applying heat or cold usually help. Neck collars are not recommended.

If pain lasts longer, physiotherapy can help.

Common signs

  • Neck pain and stiffness
  • Headaches
  • Pain in the shoulders or arms
  • Difficulty moving the head
  • Muscle spasms

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Questions about the injury
  • Examination
  • Sometimes an X-ray or scan to rule out other damage

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Emergency department notes
  • X-ray or scan reports
  • Physiotherapy notes
  • Accident or insurance reports

Questions to ask your doctor

  • How long will it take to recover?
  • Would physiotherapy help?
  • Which activities should I avoid for now?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Numbness, tingling or weakness in the arms, severe neck pain, or problems with walking or balance after a neck injury: call 112

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

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