Vision loss

Also called Sight loss, Visual impairment, or Blindness

Vision loss can mean partial or total loss of sight in one or both eyes. It can happen suddenly or slowly over time. Common causes include cataracts, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. Some causes of sudden vision loss, such as a stroke or a detached retina, need emergency treatment.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

Many causes can be treated, or their progress slowed, especially when found early. Regular eye tests help spot problems before you notice them.

If sight cannot be restored, low vision aids, support services and registering as sight impaired can help with daily life.

Common signs

  • Blurred or cloudy vision
  • Loss of central or side vision
  • Seeing flashes or new floaters
  • A shadow or curtain over part of your vision
  • Difficulty seeing in dim light

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Eye test
  • Eye examination by an eye specialist
  • Eye scans such as OCT
  • Visual field test

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Eye test and optician reports
  • Ophthalmology letters
  • Eye scan reports
  • Sight impairment certificates

Questions to ask your doctor

  • What is causing my sight loss?
  • Can it be treated or slowed?
  • What support and aids are available?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Sudden loss of vision, a curtain over your vision, or sudden flashes and floaters: get urgent help the same day
  • Sudden vision loss with face drooping, weakness or speech problems: call 112

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

Sources