Vaginismus

Also called Genito-pelvic pain or Penetration disorder

Vaginismus is when the muscles around the vagina tighten by themselves whenever something is about to enter it. It is not something you do on purpose. It can make sex, using tampons or having a cervical screening test painful or impossible. It can be linked to fear of pain, anxiety, a past painful experience or trauma, but sometimes there is no clear cause.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

Treatment can include learning about the body, relaxation, pelvic floor physiotherapy, vaginal trainers and talking therapies such as psychosexual therapy.

Most people improve with treatment, and you can go at your own pace.

Common signs

  • Pain, burning or stinging when trying to have sex
  • Not being able to put in a tampon
  • Finding examinations very painful or impossible
  • Fear of pain or of sex

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Questions about symptoms
  • Sometimes a gentle examination, only if you agree

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • GP or gynaecology notes
  • Physiotherapy notes
  • Therapy letters

Questions to ask your doctor

  • What treatments might help me?
  • Can I be referred to a pelvic floor physiotherapist?
  • How can I have cervical screening comfortably?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Thoughts of harming yourself: get urgent help, call 112 if in danger

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

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