Rubella

Also called German measles

Rubella (german measles) is an infection caused by a virus. It is usually mild and gets better in about a week, but it can be serious if caught during pregnancy, as it can harm the baby, causing problems with sight, hearing, the heart or the brain. It is rare in countries with high vaccination rates.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

There is no specific treatment. Rest, fluids and fever medicines help.

The MMR vaccine protects against rubella. Anyone pregnant who has been in contact with rubella should speak to their doctor or midwife.

Common signs

  • A spotty rash that starts on the face or behind the ears
  • A high temperature
  • Aching fingers, wrists or knees
  • A cold, cough or sore eyes
  • Swollen glands behind the ears or in the neck

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Questions about symptoms and vaccination
  • A blood test or saliva swab

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Vaccination records
  • Blood test or swab results
  • Antenatal notes if pregnant

Questions to ask your doctor

  • Am I protected against rubella?
  • Is there any risk to my pregnancy?
  • How long should I stay away from others?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Contact with rubella or a rash during pregnancy: contact your GP or midwife the same day

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

Sources