Macular hole

A macular hole is a small gap in the macula, the central part of the retina at the back of the eye that you use for reading and seeing detail. It usually happens with age, when the gel inside the eye shrinks and pulls on the retina. It is more common in people over 60 and in women.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

It causes blurred or distorted central vision, while side vision is not affected.

Some small holes close on their own. Surgery called vitrectomy can close many holes and improve vision, and often involves keeping your head face-down for a few days afterwards.

Common signs

  • Blurred or distorted central vision
  • Straight lines looking wavy
  • A dark or missing spot in the centre of vision
  • Difficulty reading

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Eye examination
  • OCT scan of the retina

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • OCT scan reports
  • Eye clinic letters
  • Operation notes
  • Vision test results

Questions to ask your doctor

  • How large is the hole?
  • Would surgery help me?
  • What will recovery involve?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Sudden loss of vision, a curtain over your vision, or new flashes and floaters: get same-day eye care

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

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