Herpes simplex eye infections

Also called Herpes keratitis or Eye herpes

A herpes simplex eye infection is caused by the herpes simplex virus, the same virus that causes cold sores. It usually affects the cornea, the clear layer at the front of the eye (herpes keratitis). It typically affects one eye, and the virus can stay in the body and cause infections to come back.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

It is treated with antiviral eye ointment, drops or tablets. Repeated infections can scar the cornea and affect vision.

Some people who have repeated infections take antiviral tablets long-term to prevent them.

Common signs

  • A red, painful eye
  • Watering
  • Sensitivity to light
  • Blurred vision
  • Feeling of something in the eye

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Examination of the eye with a special dye and microscope
  • A swab, sometimes

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Eye clinic letters
  • Notes on each episode and treatment
  • Vision test results

Questions to ask your doctor

  • Has my cornea been scarred?
  • What should I do if it comes back?
  • Do I need long-term antiviral tablets?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • A painful red eye with blurred vision or sensitivity to light: get seen at an eye emergency service the same day

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

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