Frozen shoulder

Also called Adhesive capsulitis

Frozen shoulder is when the shoulder becomes painful and stiff, making it difficult to move. The tissue around the joint becomes thick and tight. It usually affects people aged 40 to 60 and is more common in people with diabetes. It often goes through a painful stage, a stiff stage and a recovery stage.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

It usually gets better on its own, but this can take from several months to a few years.

Pain relief, physiotherapy exercises and steroid injections can help. Some people need a procedure to free up the joint.

Common signs

  • Shoulder pain, often worse at night
  • Stiffness that makes it hard to move the arm
  • Difficulty dressing or reaching up

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Examination of the shoulder
  • X-ray or ultrasound to rule out other problems, sometimes

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Imaging reports
  • Physiotherapy notes
  • Injection dates
  • Orthopaedic letters

Questions to ask your doctor

  • Which stage is my shoulder in?
  • Would an injection or physiotherapy help?
  • How long might recovery take?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • A hot, red, swollen shoulder with fever: get urgent medical help, it may be an infection

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

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