Ebola virus disease

Also called Ebola or Ebola haemorrhagic fever

Ebola virus disease is a rare and serious infection caused by the Ebola virus. Outbreaks happen mainly in parts of Africa. It spreads through direct contact with blood or other body fluids of a person who is ill or has died from it, or from infected animals. The risk for most travellers is extremely low.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

Symptoms start 2 to 21 days after infection. It is not spread through the air and is not infectious before symptoms appear.

Early care in a specialist unit, including fluids and newer antibody treatments, improves survival. Vaccines are used to protect people at high risk during outbreaks.

Common signs

  • Sudden high fever
  • Severe headache, muscle and joint pain
  • Weakness and sore throat
  • Later: vomiting, diarrhoea, rash and sometimes bleeding

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Blood tests in specialist laboratories
  • Questions about travel and contact with sick people or animals

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • Travel dates and destinations
  • Any contact history with sick people
  • Test results and hospital records
  • Vaccination records

Questions to ask your doctor

  • Do I need monitoring after returning from an outbreak area?
  • Who should I call if I develop a fever?
  • Am I eligible for vaccination for my work?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Fever within 21 days of being in an outbreak area or caring for someone with Ebola: call 112 before going to a hospital, and mention the travel or contact

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

Sources