Bell's palsy

Also called Facial palsy or Facial nerve paralysis

Bell's palsy causes sudden weakness on one side of the face, usually over a day or two. It happens when the nerve that controls the face muscles becomes inflamed, often after a viral infection. Most people recover fully within 6 months.

Last updated Nov 9, 2026

What it is

Because face weakness can also be a sign of a stroke, it should always be checked by a doctor straight away.

Steroid tablets started within 72 hours improve recovery. Protecting the eye with drops and tape at night is important if it cannot close fully.

Common signs

  • Drooping of one side of the face, including the forehead
  • Difficulty closing one eye
  • Drooling or dribbling
  • Changes in taste or sensitivity to sound on one side
  • Pain behind the ear

How it is usually diagnosed

  • Examination to check which parts of the face are weak
  • Tests to rule out stroke, ear infection, shingles or Lyme disease if suspected
  • Nerve tests or scans if it does not improve

Records worth keeping

Keeping these together makes each appointment easier, especially when you see a new doctor:

  • The date symptoms started and when treatment began
  • Photos showing recovery over time
  • Neurology or ENT letters
  • Any nerve conduction or scan reports

Questions to ask your doctor

  • Has a stroke been ruled out?
  • How do I protect my eye?
  • What should I do if it has not improved in a few weeks?

When to get help right away

Call 112 or go to the nearest emergency department if you have:

  • Face weakness with arm or leg weakness, speech problems or confusion: call 112, it may be a stroke

This page is general information. It is not a diagnosis and does not replace a doctor who knows your history. Medfold keeps your records organised; it does not interpret them.

Sources